{"id":5254,"date":"2021-03-26T14:33:18","date_gmt":"2021-03-26T13:33:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/euwww.eu\/obecne-informace-o-pravnim-state\/"},"modified":"2021-09-24T14:57:30","modified_gmt":"2021-09-24T12:57:30","slug":"obecne-informace-o-pravnim-state","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/euwww.eu\/cs\/pravni-stat\/obecne-informace-o-pravnim-state\/","title":{"rendered":"Obecn\u00e9 informace o pr\u00e1vn\u00edm st\u00e1t\u011b"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"5254\" class=\"elementor elementor-5254 elementor-2200\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-c03a5c5 elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-content-middle elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"c03a5c5\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-aaf855b linkcolor\" data-id=\"aaf855b\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5c1ea94 elementor-cta--skin-cover elementor-cta--valign-middle elementor-widget elementor-widget-call-to-action\" data-id=\"5c1ea94\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"call-to-action.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-cta\" data-e-bg-lazyload=\".elementor-bg\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-cta__bg-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-cta__bg elementor-bg\" style=\"background-image: var(--e-bg-lazyload-loaded); --e-bg-lazyload: url(https:\/\/euwww.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/Hintergrund-2.jpg);\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Hintergrund-2\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-cta__bg-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-cta__content\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-cta__title elementor-cta__content-item elementor-content-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\tPr\u00e1vn\u00ed st\u00e1t\t\t\t\t\t<\/h1>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-ribbon elementor-ribbon-left\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-ribbon-inner\">Informace<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-50d042c elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"50d042c\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-50aae96 linkcolor\" data-id=\"50aae96\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-61ba82c ueberschrift2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"61ba82c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Aktu\u00e1lnost debaty<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5d89521 bulletlist elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5d89521\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul>\n<li>V Ma\u010farsku vl\u00e1dnouc\u00ed strana Fidesz od roku 2011 systematicky podkop\u00e1v\u00e1 d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 z\u00e1klady demokratick\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti, nap\u0159\u00edklad skupov\u00e1n\u00edm m\u00e9di\u00ed a nakladatelstv\u00ed prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm stranicky loaj\u00e1ln\u00edch podnikatel\u016f a odn\u00edm\u00e1n\u00edm licenc\u00ed m\u00e9di\u00edm kritick\u00fdm v\u016f\u010di vl\u00e1d\u011b prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm Ma\u010farsk\u00e9 medi\u00e1ln\u00ed rady ovl\u00e1dan\u00e9 stranou Fidesz. Utv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed nez\u00e1visl\u00e9ho ve\u0159ejn\u00e9ho m\u00edn\u011bn\u00ed je t\u00edm zt\u00ed\u017eeno. <\/li>\n<li>V Polsku m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt soudce za sv\u00e9 rozsudky odsouzen disciplin\u00e1rn\u00ed komorou, kterou ovl\u00e1d\u00e1 \u00fa\u0159aduj\u00edc\u00ed vl\u00e1dn\u00ed strana PIS. Krom\u011b toho se polsk\u00e1 vl\u00e1dnouc\u00ed strana sna\u017eila zm\u011bnou v\u011bkov\u00e9 hranice pro odchod do d\u016fchodu uvolnit soudcovsk\u00e1 m\u00edsta a ovliv\u0148ovat jejich n\u00e1sledn\u00e9 obsazov\u00e1n\u00ed a ohro\u017euje tak nez\u00e1vislost polsk\u00e9 justice. <\/li>\n<li>V n\u011bkter\u00fdch evropsk\u00fdch zem\u00edch z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 velk\u00fdm probl\u00e9mem korupce: V ji\u017en\u00ed It\u00e1lii plyne mnoho pen\u011bz z fond\u016f EU do kapes podnik\u016fm napojen\u00fdm na mafii. Bulharsko a Rumunsko byly ve Zpr\u00e1v\u011b EU o pr\u00e1vn\u00edm st\u00e1tu 2020 kritizov\u00e1ny za z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9 probl\u00e9my s korupc\u00ed. Ale ani n\u011bme\u010dt\u00ed politici neodolali poku\u0161en\u00ed zneu\u017e\u00edt sv\u00e9ho \u00fa\u0159adu \u2013 jak ukazuj\u00ed posledn\u00ed af\u00e9ry v souvislosti s respir\u00e1tory b\u011bhem pandemie COVID-19. <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3d165af ueberschrift2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3d165af\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u00davodn\u00ed informace<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ca8658d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ca8658d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Pr\u00e1vn\u00ed st\u00e1t je z\u00e1kladn\u00ed hodnotou, na kter\u00e9 stav\u00ed EU (\u010dl. 2 SEU). Zaru\u010duje dodr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00e1kladn\u00edch pr\u00e1v a v\u0161ech ostatn\u00edch demokraticky dohodnut\u00fdch pravidel a z\u00e1kon\u016f. V\u0161echny org\u00e1ny EU a vl\u00e1dy, spr\u00e1vn\u00ed org\u00e1ny a soudy \u010dlensk\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f sm\u00ed jednat pouze v r\u00e1mci smluv EU a demokraticky vydan\u00fdch z\u00e1kon\u016f (tj. sm\u011brnic a na\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed na evropsk\u00e9 \u00farovni). Jejich rozhodnut\u00ed mus\u00ed b\u00fdt soudn\u011b p\u0159ezkoumateln\u00e1 nez\u00e1visl\u00fdmi soudy. Pr\u00e1vn\u00ed st\u00e1t rovn\u011b\u017e zahrnuje boj proti korupci a ochranu nez\u00e1vislosti sd\u011blovac\u00edch prost\u0159edk\u016f. Zaji\u0161\u0165uje, aby ve\u0159ejnost byla n\u00e1le\u017eit\u011b a dob\u0159e informov\u00e1na o politice a opat\u0159en\u00edch EU.     <\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-431d85f bulletlist elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"431d85f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul>\n<li>Z\u00e1sady pr\u00e1vn\u00edho st\u00e1tu znamenaj\u00ed, \u017ee i samotn\u00e1 EU, org\u00e1ny, \u00fa\u0159ady a soudy nejednaj\u00ed sv\u00e9voln\u011b, ale pouze v <strong>mez\u00edch sv\u00fdch pravomoc\u00ed<\/strong> a \u00fakol\u016f, kter\u00e9 jim byly sv\u011b\u0159eny. To upravuj\u00ed \u010dl. 4 a 5 SEU. Rovn\u011b\u017e se zde uv\u00e1d\u00ed, \u017ee v\u0161echny pravomoci, kter\u00e9 nejsou v\u00fdslovn\u011b sv\u011b\u0159eny EU ve smlouv\u00e1ch, p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161\u00ed \u010dlensk\u00fdm st\u00e1t\u016fm. To v\u0161ak m\u00e1 tu nev\u00fdhodu, \u017ee by EU nem\u011bla zasahovat v mnoha oblastech nebo dopl\u0148ovat opat\u0159en\u00ed \u010dlensk\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f, pokud zde nastanou probl\u00e9my. To plat\u00ed nap\u0159\u00edklad pro politiku v oblasti zdrav\u00ed, kdy byla \u010dinnost EU v mnoha zem\u00edch vn\u00edm\u00e1na jako nedostate\u010dn\u00e1 a t\u011b\u017ekop\u00e1dn\u00e1 v boji proti koronavirov\u00e9 krizi.    <\/li>\n<li>Listina z\u00e1kladn\u00edch pr\u00e1v Evropsk\u00e9 unie obsahuje d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e1 pr\u00e1va na ochranu ob\u010dan\u016f p\u0159ed sv\u00e9voln\u00fdmi z\u00e1sahy do pr\u00e1vn\u00edho st\u00e1tu\n<ul>\n<li>\u010cl\u00e1nek 41 p\u0159izn\u00e1v\u00e1 pr\u00e1vo na \u0159\u00e1dnou spr\u00e1vu, kter\u00e1 je nestrann\u00e1 a spravedliv\u00e1 a mus\u00ed v p\u0159im\u011b\u0159en\u00e9 lh\u016ft\u011b rozhodnout a sv\u00e9 rozhodnut\u00ed od\u016fvodnit. Je t\u00edm zahrnuto i pr\u00e1vo b\u00fdt vyslechnut p\u0159ed p\u0159ijet\u00edm pro n\u011bkoho nev\u00fdhodn\u00e9ho rozhodnut\u00ed. <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-2388 alignright\" src=\"https:\/\/euwww.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/www21.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"148\" height=\"115\"><\/li>\n<li>\u010cl\u00e1nek 47 p\u0159izn\u00e1v\u00e1 ka\u017ed\u00e9mu pr\u00e1vo podat opravn\u00fd prost\u0159edek proti jak\u00e9mukoli poru\u0161en\u00ed sv\u00fdch pr\u00e1v nebo svobod p\u0159ed soudem. Soud mus\u00ed b\u00fdt nez\u00e1visl\u00fd, nestrann\u00fd a z\u0159\u00edzen\u00fd z\u00e1konem. \u0158\u00edzen\u00ed mus\u00ed b\u00fdt spravedliv\u00e9 a ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 a mus\u00ed prob\u011bhnout v p\u0159im\u011b\u0159en\u00e9 lh\u016ft\u011b.  <\/li>\n<li>\u010cl\u00e1nek 48: \u201eKa\u017ed\u00fd obvin\u011bn\u00fd se pova\u017euje za nevinn\u00e9ho, dokud jeho vina nebyla prok\u00e1z\u00e1na z\u00e1konn\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem.\u201c<\/li>\n<li>\u010cl\u00e1nek 49 zakazuje trest za jedn\u00e1n\u00ed, kter\u00e9 v dob\u011b, kdy bylo sp\u00e1ch\u00e1no, nebylo trestn\u00fdm \u010dinem. Rovn\u011b\u017e nesm\u00ed b\u00fdt ulo\u017een trest p\u0159\u00edsn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, ne\u017e jak\u00fd bylo mo\u017eno ulo\u017eit v dob\u011b sp\u00e1ch\u00e1n\u00ed trestn\u00e9ho \u010dinu. V\u00fd\u0161e trestu nesm\u00ed b\u00fdt nep\u0159im\u011b\u0159en\u00e1 trestn\u00e9mu \u010dinu.  <\/li>\n<li>\u010cl\u00e1nek 50 zakazuje, aby byl n\u011bkdo st\u00edh\u00e1n nebo potrest\u00e1n v trestn\u00edm \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed za tent\u00fd\u017e \u010din dvakr\u00e1t.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0949947 ueberschrift2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"0949947\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">A pokud p\u0159esto skute\u010dn\u011b nastane probl\u00e9m? Kontroln\u00ed mechanismy na \u00farovni EU<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3625bf4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3625bf4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Evropsk\u00fd parlament<\/strong>, stejn\u011b jako v demokracii, ovl\u00e1d\u00e1 v\u00fdkonnou moc, tedy Komisi. V Parlamentu je V\u00fdbor pro rozpo\u010dtovou kontrolu, kter\u00fd m\u00e1 zajistit \u0159\u00e1dn\u00fd dohled nad financemi EU. Tuto skute\u010dnost rovn\u011b\u017e sleduje <strong>Evropsk\u00fd \u00fa\u010detn\u00ed dv\u016fr<\/strong> a <strong>\u00fa\u0159ad pro boj proti podvod\u016fm (OLAF)<\/strong>. Pokud m\u00e1 parlament podez\u0159en\u00ed na nespr\u00e1vn\u00fd \u00fa\u0159edn\u00ed postup, m\u016f\u017ee z\u0159\u00eddit vy\u0161et\u0159ovac\u00ed v\u00fdbor. Nejp\u0159\u00edsn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm prost\u0159edkem je odvol\u00e1n\u00ed komise. \u017de to nen\u00ed jen teoretick\u00e1 mo\u017enost, se uk\u00e1zalo v b\u0159eznu 1999, kdy Parlament p\u0159inutil Komisi rezignovat, proto\u017ee m\u00edstop\u0159edseda p\u0159id\u011bloval sv\u00fdm zn\u00e1m\u00fdm dob\u0159e placen\u00e9 pozice, pro kter\u00e9 nebyli kvalifikov\u00e1ni.     <\/p>\n<p>Jedn\u00edm z \u00fakol\u016f nez\u00e1visl\u00e9ho <strong>Evropsk\u00e9ho soudn\u00edho dvora (ESD)<\/strong> je sledovat z\u00e1konnost legislativn\u00edch krok\u016f a akt\u016f v\u0161ech org\u00e1n\u016f EU, kter\u00e9 maj\u00ed pr\u00e1vn\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinky v\u016f\u010di t\u0159et\u00edm osob\u00e1m. T\u00edmto zp\u016fsobem m\u016f\u017ee Soudn\u00ed dv\u016fr zkoumat, zda je EU skute\u010dn\u011b odpov\u011bdn\u00e1 za pr\u00e1vn\u00ed p\u0159edpisy v jednotliv\u00fdch oblastech. Nap\u0159\u00edklad na \u017e\u00e1dost Spojen\u00e9ho kr\u00e1lovstv\u00ed (kter\u00e9 mezit\u00edm opustilo EU) soud jednou rozhodl, \u017ee z\u00e1kaz pr\u00e1ce v ned\u011bli obsa\u017een\u00fd v na\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed nen\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpustn\u00fd. Od\u016fvodn\u011bn\u00ed: Smlouva o EU k tomu nep\u0159en\u00e1\u0161\u00ed na EU \u017e\u00e1dnou kompetenci.   <\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c1c63b0 ueberschrift2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"c1c63b0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Pr\u00e1vn\u00ed st\u00e1t v \u010dlensk\u00fdch st\u00e1tech EU<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6c1bce7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6c1bce7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Do EU mohou b\u00fdt p\u0159ij\u00edm\u00e1ny pouze st\u00e1ty, kter\u00e9 spl\u0148uj\u00ed standardy EU v oblasti demokracie a pr\u00e1vn\u00edho st\u00e1tu. Proto byla nap\u0159\u00edklad p\u0159\u00edstupov\u00e1 jedn\u00e1n\u00ed s Tureckem pozastavena na neur\u010dito, proto\u017ee se zem\u011b v posledn\u00edch letech t\u011bmto standard\u016fm st\u00e1le v\u00edce vzdalovala.<\/p>\n<p>V n\u011bkter\u00fdch zem\u00edch EU je pr\u00e1vn\u00ed st\u00e1t v sou\u010dasnosti ohro\u017een. Nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed nebezpe\u010d\u00ed spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 v tom, \u017ee vl\u00e1dy p\u0159estanou respektovat nez\u00e1vislost soudnictv\u00ed. Proto\u017ee nez\u00e1visl\u00e9 soudy jsou nejlep\u0161\u00ed z\u00e1rukou obrany pr\u00e1vn\u00edho st\u00e1tu. Evropsk\u00e1 komise zve\u0159ej\u0148uje ka\u017edoro\u010dn\u011b v\u00fdro\u010dn\u00ed <strong>zpr\u00e1vu o pr\u00e1vn\u00edm st\u00e1tu<\/strong>, aby zabr\u00e1nila jeho ohro\u017een\u00ed. Sleduje v n\u00ed jak pozitivn\u00ed, tak negativn\u00ed v\u00fdvoj v \u010dlensk\u00fdch st\u00e1tech. Zpr\u00e1va obsahuje \u010dty\u0159i pil\u00ed\u0159e: Soudn\u00ed syst\u00e9m, protikorup\u010dn\u00ed opat\u0159en\u00ed, pluralitu sd\u011blovac\u00edch prost\u0159edk\u016f a institucion\u00e1ln\u00ed ot\u00e1zky t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se odd\u011blen\u00ed st\u00e1tn\u00ed moci. <a href=\"https:\/\/ec.europa.eu\/info\/publications\/2020-rule-law-report-communication-and-country-chapters_de\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>Zde<\/strong><\/span><\/a> si m\u016f\u017eete st\u00e1hnout celou zpr\u00e1vu a anal\u00fdzy pro jednotliv\u00e9 zem\u011b EU z roku 2020. <\/p>\n<p>Co ale nastane, pokud zem\u011b po vstupu do EU poru\u0161\u00ed sv\u00e9 povinnosti vypl\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00ed ze Smluv EU, zejm\u00e9na v oblasti z\u00e1kladn\u00edch pr\u00e1v a hodnot? V tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b je oslovena Evropsk\u00e1 komise, kter\u00e1 je \u010dasto ozna\u010dov\u00e1na jako \u201estr\u00e1\u017ekyn\u011b smluv&#8221;. Mus\u00ed zajistit, aby \u010dlensk\u00e9 st\u00e1ty dodr\u017eovaly a uplat\u0148ovaly dohodnut\u00e1 a schv\u00e1len\u00e1 pravidla.  <\/p>\n<p>Zjist\u00ed-li se nedostatky, je \u010dlensk\u00fd st\u00e1t po\u017e\u00e1d\u00e1n, aby je odstranil. Pokud tak st\u00e1t neu\u010din\u00ed, Evropsk\u00e1 komise proti n\u011bmu zah\u00e1j\u00ed <strong>\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed kv\u016fli poru\u0161en\u00ed smlouvy<\/strong>. Ve v\u011bt\u0161in\u011b p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f st\u00e1ty sv\u016fj postup naprav\u00ed. Pokud ne, n\u00e1sleduje \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed p\u0159ed Evropsk\u00fdm soudn\u00edm dvorem. Pokud soud potvrd\u00ed, \u017ee st\u00e1t poru\u0161uje pr\u00e1vo EU a st\u00e1t nezm\u011bn\u00ed sv\u00e9 chov\u00e1n\u00ed, m\u016f\u017ee mu b\u00fdt ulo\u017eena pokuta nebo pen\u00e1le.  To je nap\u0159\u00edklad p\u0159\u00edpad N\u011bmecka, kter\u00e9 vede s Evropskou komis\u00ed ji\u017e n\u011bkolik let spor kv\u016fli prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed tzv.<img decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-2419 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/euwww.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/www22.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"189\" height=\"156\"><\/p>\n<p>Sm\u011brnice pro chr\u00e1n\u011bn\u00e1 stanovi\u0161t\u011b fauny a fl\u00f3ry, jej\u00edm\u017e c\u00edlem je lep\u0161\u00ed propojen\u00ed a ochrana p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edch rezervac\u00ed v EU. Komise v bl\u00edzk\u00e9 budoucnosti zah\u00e1j\u00ed \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed pro nespln\u011bn\u00ed povinnosti. Nap\u0159\u00edklad v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b Ma\u010farska ji\u017e ESD odsoudil jak medi\u00e1ln\u00ed z\u00e1kon, tak i z\u00e1kon o vysok\u00fdch \u0161kol\u00e1ch, kter\u00e9 jsou neslu\u010diteln\u00e9 s pr\u00e1vem EU. Vzhledem k tomu, \u017ee ma\u010farsk\u00e1 vl\u00e1da si nep\u0159eje prov\u00e9st \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 zm\u011bny t\u011bchto pr\u00e1vn\u00edch p\u0159edpis\u016f, po\u017e\u00e1d\u00e1 nyn\u00ed Evropsk\u00e1 komise o \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed p\u0159ed Soudn\u00edm dvorem, aby Ma\u010farsku ulo\u017eil sankce.<\/p>\n<p>Jedn\u00e1-li se o poru\u0161en\u00ed hodnot uveden\u00fdch v \u010dl\u00e1nku 2 Smlouvy o EU, nebo pokud existuje zjevn\u00e9 riziko z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9ho poru\u0161en\u00ed t\u011bchto hodnot, \u010dl\u00e1nek 7 Smlouvy o EU stanovuje, \u017ee m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt ulo\u017eena nejp\u0159\u00edsn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed sankce stanoven\u00e1 ve Smlouv\u011b o EU: Pr\u00e1va st\u00e1tu mohou b\u00fdt pozastavena do doby, ne\u017e bude nedostatek odstran\u011bn. To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee budou pozastaveny finan\u010dn\u00ed prost\u0159edky z program\u016f EU a \u017ee st\u00e1t ji\u017e nebude m\u00edt pr\u00e1vo hlasovat v Rad\u011b ministr\u016f. V\u0161echny z\u00e1vazky, zejm\u00e9na povinnost uhradit sv\u016fj p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvek do rozpo\u010dtu EU a povinnost dodr\u017eovat v\u0161echna p\u0159ijat\u00e1 pravidla z\u016fst\u00e1vaj\u00ed. Tento postup m\u00e1 v\u0161ak nev\u00fdhodu: Usnesen\u00ed, \u017ee st\u00e1t poru\u0161uje tyto hodnoty, mus\u00ed b\u00fdt p\u0159ijato jednomysln\u011b v\u0161emi ostatn\u00edmi st\u00e1ty. To v\u0161ak neplat\u00ed, pokud n\u011bkolik zem\u00ed nebere ohled na hodnoty v\u00e1\u017en\u011b a vz\u00e1jemn\u011b se podporuje p\u0159i hlasov\u00e1n\u00ed. Proto je\u0161t\u011b tento prost\u0159edek nebyl v historii EU uplatn\u011bn.  <\/p>\n<p>O to d\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed je novela, kter\u00e1 byla zavedena teprve na za\u010d\u00e1tku roku 2021: Nejsou-li hodnoty a funguj\u00edc\u00ed pr\u00e1vn\u00ed st\u00e1t respektov\u00e1ny, m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt st\u00e1t vy\u0159azen z program\u016f financov\u00e1n\u00ed EU a k tomu ji\u017e nen\u00ed nutn\u00e9 jednomysln\u00e9 usnesen\u00ed. Jedn\u00e1 se o velmi z\u00e1va\u017enou sankci, zejm\u00e9na pro ty zem\u011b, kter\u00e9 kv\u016fli sv\u00e9 hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 situaci dost\u00e1vaj\u00ed vysok\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvky z EU. Ma\u010farsko a Polsko si st\u011b\u017euj\u00ed na ESD proti tomuto <strong>\u201emechanismu pr\u00e1vn\u00edho st\u00e1tu&#8221;<\/strong>, proto\u017ee nen\u00ed stanoveno ve smlouv\u00e1ch EU.  <\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Pr\u00e1vn\u00ed st\u00e1t Informace Aktu\u00e1lnost debaty V Ma\u010farsku vl\u00e1dnouc\u00ed strana Fidesz od roku 2011 systematicky podkop\u00e1v\u00e1 d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 z\u00e1klady demokratick\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti, nap\u0159\u00edklad skupov\u00e1n\u00edm m\u00e9di\u00ed a nakladatelstv\u00ed prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm stranicky loaj\u00e1ln\u00edch podnikatel\u016f a odn\u00edm\u00e1n\u00edm licenc\u00ed m\u00e9di\u00edm kritick\u00fdm v\u016f\u010di vl\u00e1d\u011b prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm Ma\u010farsk\u00e9 medi\u00e1ln\u00ed rady ovl\u00e1dan\u00e9 stranou Fidesz. Utv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed nez\u00e1visl\u00e9ho ve\u0159ejn\u00e9ho m\u00edn\u011bn\u00ed je t\u00edm zt\u00ed\u017eeno. V Polsku m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt soudce za [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":5393,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-5254","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/euwww.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5254","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/euwww.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/euwww.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/euwww.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/euwww.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5254"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/euwww.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5254\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5257,"href":"https:\/\/euwww.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5254\/revisions\/5257"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/euwww.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5393"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/euwww.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5254"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}